In The Biosynthesis Of Brevetoxin B

In the biosynthesis of brevetoxin bile, it is made by a liver liver cell, maybe because of the type of liver, but I can't find any source.

Question: What type of liver cell secretes brevetoxin?

I found some factoid that brevetoxin is secreted by liver hepatocytes in mouse, and from human hepatic cells in rat and porcine. My question is if it can bind to bile lipids, specifically myristicic acid (1,2-dihydroxybenzoic acid), or any of the bile acids in liver, like cholestanate or cholic acid? (They all are condensed by unincorporated glucuronic acid, which in turn is conjugated with cholic acid.)

1 Answer

Because it is secreted by hepatocytes, I would suspect that it can bind to cholic acid, which may in turn bind to the cholic acid conjugate, since it is formed by glycation. Some of the cholic conjugate has C-4 cleavage at the nitro group on cholic acid, but some does not. I would guess therefore that it would be able to bind to cholic acid conjugate. Brevetoxin binds to cholic acid on the conjugate, and is one of the antagonists of vilsatz and morphia.

Brevetoxin has five peptide arms, all capable of binding a specific cholic acid (or other bile acid), and that's what it would bind to on the bile acid conjugate of cholic acid. Each arm is capable of being bound by only one of the bile acids in liver, and it's just a matter of sequence. In particular, the drugs that bind to cholic acid have the arm C-6, and the drugs that bind to bile acid have the arm C-2.

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